Revelation and Social Reality: Learning to Translate What Is Written into Reality, by Paul Lample: Review - Bowers,Kenneth E. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2009)
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/349.

Revelation as Scientific in its Method: Science, Diversity, Consultation, and Learning in Action - Friberg,Stephen R. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2024)
An exploration of Shoghi Effendi's statement that the Bahá'í Faith is scientific in method; the role of diversity in scientific objectivity and bias; the process of action, reflection, consultation, and study.
Mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: Consultation; Learning; Revelation; Science

Revelation in the Voices of Baha'u'llah - Marshall,Alison (1999)
Paper examines how the process of revelation can be understood by examining how ordinary human beings create speech and write, and explores the voices Bahá'u'lláh uses in six of his mystical works.
Presented as a homework assignment for the Wilmette Institute's "Revelation of Bahá'u'lláh" Course, year two.
Keywords: Maid of Heaven; Revelation; Tablets of Bahá'u'lláh with alternating voices; Voices of revelation

Revelation of Baha'u'llah volume 1: Baghdad, 1853-63 - Taherzadeh,Adib (George Ronald, 1974)
Link to formatted book (offsite).
See also excerpts compiled by Kiser Barnes: Stories of Bahá'u'lláh and Some Notable Believers.
Keywords: 1850s; 1853; 1860; 1863; Adib Taherzadeh; Baghdad, Iraq; Bahá'u'lláh; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Iraq

Revelation of Baha'u'llah volume 2: Adrianople, 1863-1868 - Taherzadeh,Adib (George Ronald, 1977)
Link to formatted book (offsite).
See also excerpts compiled by Kiser Barnes: Stories of Bahá'u'lláh and Some Notable Believers.
Keywords: 1860s; 1863; 1868; Adib Taherzadeh; Bahá'u'lláh; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Edirne, Turkey; Istanbul, Turkey; Turkey

Revelation of Baha'u'llah volume 3: `Akká, The Early Years, 1868-77 - Taherzadeh,Adib (George Ronald, 1983)
Link to formatted book (offsite).
See also excerpts compiled by Kiser Barnes: Stories of Bahá'u'lláh and Some Notable Believers.
Keywords: 1860s; 1868; 1870s; 1877; Adib Taherzadeh; Akka, Israel; Bahá'u'lláh; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of

Revelation of Baha'u'llah volume 4: Mazra'ih & Bahjí, 1877-92 - Taherzadeh,Adib (George Ronald, 1987)
Link to formatted book (offsite).
See also excerpts compiled by Kiser Barnes: Stories of Bahá'u'lláh and Some Notable Believers.
Keywords: 1870s; 1877; 1880s; 1890s; 1892; Adib Taherzadeh; Bahji, Israel; Bahá'u'lláh; Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; House of Bahá'u'lláh (Mazra'ih)

Revelation, Interpretation, and Elucidation in the Baha'i Writings - Stockman,Robert (Scripture and Revelation: Papers presented at the First Irfan Colloquium, 1997)
The complexities of the Bahá'í concepts of revelation, interpretation, infallibility, and elucidation
This is an early draft of the article which later appeared in Scripture and Revelation. First presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #4 (DePoort, Netherlands November 4-6, 1994).
Keywords: Criticism and apologetics; Discrepancies; Elucidation; Interpretation; Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); Lawh-i-Hikmat (Tablet of Wisdom); Martin Luther; Philosophers; Philosophy; Quotations; Revelation; Secret of Divine Civilization (book); Translation

Review of secondary literature in English on recent persecutions of Bahá'ís in Iran - Ghanea-Hercock,Nazila (Baha'i Studies Review, 1997)
Issues of misinformation, perceived favoritism under the Shah's regime, charges of espionage, and theological conflicts with Islam as motives for the persecution of Bahá'ís.
Keywords: Conspiracy theories; Criticism and apologetics; Iran (documents); Persecution; Persecution, Iran; Persecution, Other

Reviewing: Practice and Functions of Literature Review - Shoghi Effendi; Universal House of Justice (1989)
Overview of Literature Review, publishing, and the requirement of sending copies of all materials to the Bahá'í World Center library.
Also available as a nicely-formatted PDF, prepared by Romane Takkenberg. Regarding the requirements for review of online documents, see The Internet and Literature Review. See also a commentary, Bahá'í Review: Should the “red flag” law be repealed?
Keywords: International Bahá'í Library; Publishing; Publishing, Policy and practice; Publishing, Review

Reviews Of: Books, Articles, Creative Activities and Community Functions: Pioneering Over Four Epochs: Sections V & VI: Published & Unpublished Work - Price,Ron (Pioneering Over Four Epochs: An Autobiographical Study and a Study in Autobiography, 2006)
In my pre-pioneering and pioneering life as a Bahá'í(1953-2007) I wrote: reviews, commentaries of books and community activities, summaries of media programs and live performances. Those posted here were written in the 4th and 5th epochs of the Formative
Some of these written works were published and some were unpublished and I have subsumed them under sections V and VI of my autobiography, Pioneering Over Four Epochs. I have kept copies of most of my published work and very little of it is found here. Some was published in Bahá'í magazines and newsletters and some in the secular press and journals. Since the turn of the millennium in 2001 my published work has multiplied many times due to the internet facility.
Keywords: Ron Price

Reviews: The Philosophical Year and the Bábys - Author unknown (Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Art, 1869)
Brief review of the recently-published scholarship of Gobineau and Kazem-Beg, with an overview of Bábí theology and social teachings.
Online at books.google.com.
Keywords: Bábísm

Revisioning the Sacred: New Perspectives on a Bahá'í Theology - McLean,Jack, editor (Studies in the Bábí and Bahá'í Religions, 1997)
Essays on religious unity, interreligious dialogue, apophatic and liberation theologies, the spiritual foundations of science, the hermetic tradition, and existential theism.
Click here to order a copy of the book. See also the author's website, jack-mclean.com/books/revisioning-the-sacred. Also available in uncorrected OCR plain-text, as a scan of the whole book [2.5 MB], and as a partial preview at books.google.com.
Keywords: Kalimat Press; Philosophy; Revisioning the Sacred (book); Theology

Revisioning the Sacred: New Perspectives on a Bahá'í Theology, by Jack McLean: Review - Maneck,Susan (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1999)
See also original book.
Keywords: Philosophy; Revisioning the Sacred (book); Theology

Revisioning the Sacred: New Perspectives on a Bahá'í Theology, ed. Jack Mclean: Review - Piff,David (Baha'i Studies Review, 1999)
See also original book.
Keywords: Philosophy; Revisioning the Sacred (book); Theology

Revisiting Vietnam: A Case for Reading "Those War Books" - Langness,David (dialogue magazine, 1986)
Brief reviews of a dozen books about the Vietnam war.
See also S. E. Morrison's "Beyond Death's Grey Land" in dialogue 1:1, and a recent (2013) retrospective investigation of the Vietnam War, Nick Turse's Kill Anything that Moves. See also list of dialogue articles or image scans.
Keywords: Peace; Vietnam; Violence; War

Revolutionary Iran: Civil Society and State in the Modernization Process - Kamali,Masoud (Ashgate, 1998)
Brief discussion of how Amir Kabir, prime minister under Naser al-Din Shah, found favor with the ulama by challenging the Babis.
See more about Kabir at Wikipedia.
Keywords: Amir Kabir

Revolutions de la Perse: Les Provinces, Les Peuples et le Gouvernement - Berard,Victor (Librarie Armand Colin, 1910)
Short extract on the Bábís.
Keywords: Bábí history; Culture, Persian

Revolutions without Revolutionaries?: Social Media Networks and Regime Response in Egypt - Faris,David (2010)
The influence of the Internet on changes to the balance of power. Contains many references to the situation of the Bahá'ís in Egypt. Link to thesis (offsite).
Dissertation for PhD in the department of Political Science, University of Pennsylvania.

Rewriting the Script: Some thoughts on gender roles and the Bahá'í Teachings - van Kerkhoff,Sonja (2000)
A collection of visual and physical art exploring these themes.
Formatted by the author. Mirrored with permission from www.sonjavank.com/rewriting/.
Keywords: Arts and crafts; Equality; Gender; Visuals; Women

Rhapsody, God's Whimsy, and Planet Dreams, by Michael Fitzgerald: Reviews - Boyles,Ann (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1991)
See also another review of Fitzgerald's books.
Keywords: Poetry

Ridvan - Walbridge,John (Sacred Acts, Sacred Space, Sacred Time: Baha'i Studies volume 1, 1995)
Two versions of a short article about the 12-day Bahá'í festival.
First is Walbridge's encyclopedia article, followed by his slightly revised version for Sacred Acts. Written for possible inclusion in The Bahá'í Encyclopedia. Posted with permission of both the author and of the editor of the Encyclopedia project.
Keywords: Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Holy days; Lawh-i-Ridvan (Tablets of Ridvan); Ridván; Ridván messages

Ridván 1964: Bahá'í Era 121 - Universal House of Justice (1964)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: Adamic Cycle; Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; Nine Year Plan (1964-1973); Plans; Ridván messages; Ten Year Crusade (1953-1963)

Ridván 1965: Bahá'í Era 122 - Universal House of Justice (1965)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1965; Ridván messages

Ridván 1966: Bahá'í Era 123 - Universal House of Justice (1966)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1966; Ridván messages

Ridván 1967: Bahá'í Era 124 - Universal House of Justice (1967)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1967; Ridván messages

Ridvan 1968: Bahá'í Era 125 - Universal House of Justice (1968)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1968; Ridván messages

Ridván 1969: Bahá'í Era 126 - Universal House of Justice (1969)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1969; Ridván messages

Ridván 1970: Bahá'í Era 127 - Universal House of Justice (1970)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1970; Ridván messages

Ridván 1971: Bahá'í Era 128 - Universal House of Justice (1971)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1971; Ridván messages

Ridván 1972: Bahá'í Era 129 - Universal House of Justice (1972)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1972; Ridván messages

Ridván 1973: Bahá'í Era 130 - Universal House of Justice (1973)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1973; Ridván messages

Ridvan 1974 (Naw-Rúz): Bahá'í Era 131 - Universal House of Justice (1974)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1974; Naw-Ruz messages; Ridván messages

Ridvan 1975: Bahá'í Era 132 - Universal House of Justice (1975)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1975; Ridván messages

Ridvan 1976 (Naw-Rúz): Bahá'í Era 133 - Universal House of Justice (1976)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1976; Naw-Ruz messages; Ridván messages

Ridván 1977: Bahá'í Era 134 - Universal House of Justice (1977)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1977; Ridván messages

Ridvan 1978: Bahá'í Era 135 - Universal House of Justice (1978)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world, and message to the friends gathered at National Bahá'í Conventions.
Keywords: 1978; Ridván messages

Ridvan 1979 (Naw-Rúz): Bahá'í Era 136 - Universal House of Justice (1979)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world, on the launching of the Seven Year Plan and elucidation of the Seven Year Plan goals.
Keywords: 1979; Naw-Ruz messages; Plans; Seven Year Plan (1979-1986)

Ridvan 1980: Bahá'í Era 137 - Universal House of Justice (1980)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1980; Ridván messages

Ridvan 1981: Bahá'í Era 138 - Universal House of Justice (1981)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1981; Ridván messages

Ridván 1982: Bahá'í Era 139 - Universal House of Justice (1982)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1982; Ridván messages

Ridván 1983: Bahá'í Era 140 - Universal House of Justice (1983)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1983; Ridván messages

Ridván 1984: Bahá'í Era 141 - Universal House of Justice (1984)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1984; Ridván messages

Ridván 1985: Bahá'í Era 142 - Universal House of Justice (1985)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1985; Ridván messages

Ridván 1986: Bahá'í Era 143 - Universal House of Justice (1986)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1986; Ridván messages

Ridván 1987: Bahá'í Era 144 - Universal House of Justice (1987)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1987; Ridván messages

Ridván 1988: Bahá'í Era 145 - Universal House of Justice (1988)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1988; Ridván messages

Ridvan 1989: Bahá'í Era 146 - Universal House of Justice (1989)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1989; Ridván messages

Ridvan 1990: Bahá'í Era 147 - Universal House of Justice (1990)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1990; Ridván messages

Ridvan 1991: Bahá'í Era 148 - Universal House of Justice (1991)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1991; Ridván messages

Ridván 1992: Bahá'í Era 149 - Universal House of Justice (1992)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1992; Ridván messages

Ridván 1993: Bahá'í Era 150 - Universal House of Justice (1993)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1993; Ridván messages

Ridván 1994: Bahá'í Era 151 - Universal House of Justice (1994)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1994; Ridván messages

Ridván 1995: Bahá'í Era 152 - Universal House of Justice (1995)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1995; Ridván messages

Ridván 1996 (Four Year Plan) - To the Followers of Bahá'u'lláh (in Australia and the Pacific): Bahá'í Era 153 - Universal House of Justice (1996)
Country-specific portion of the annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world: South Pacific.
Keywords: 1996; Australia; Four Year Plan (1996-2000); Pacific; Ridván messages

Ridván 1996 (Four Year Plan) - To the Followers of Bahá'u'lláh (in Latin America and the Caribbean): Bahá'í Era 153 - Universal House of Justice (1996)
Country-specific portion of the annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world: South America.
Keywords: 1996; Caribbean; Latin America; Ridván messages

Ridván 1996 (Four Year Plan) - To the Followers of Bahá'u'lláh in Africa: Bahá'í Era 153 - Universal House of Justice (1996)
Country-specific portion of the annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world: Africa.
Keywords: 1996; Africa; Four Year Plan (1996-2000); Ridván messages

Ridván 1996 (Four Year Plan) - To the Followers of Bahá'u'lláh in Cambodia, Hong Kong, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Macau, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam: Bahá'í Era 153 - Universal House of Justice (1996)
Country-specific portion of the annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world: East Asia.
Keywords: 1996; Asia; Cambodia; Four Year Plan (1996-2000); Hong Kong; Laos; Macau; Malaysia; Mongolia; Myanmar; Ridván messages; Singapore; Southeast Asia; Taiwan; Thailand; Vietnam

Ridván 1996 (Four Year Plan) - To the Followers of Bahá'u'lláh in Europe: Bahá'í Era 153 - Universal House of Justice (1996)
Country-specific portion of the annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world: Europe.
Keywords: 1996; Europe; Four Year Plan (1996-2000); Ridván messages

Ridván 1996 (Four Year Plan) - To the Followers of Bahá'u'lláh in North America: Alaska, Canada, Greenland and the United States: Bahá'í Era 153 - Universal House of Justice (1996)
Country-specific portion of the annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world: North America.
Keywords: 1996; Alaska, USA; Canada; Four Year Plan (1996-2000); Greenland; North America; Ridván messages; United States (documents)

Ridván 1996 (Four Year Plan) - To the Followers of Bahá'u'lláh in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Sri Lanka: Bahá'í Era 153 - Universal House of Justice (1996)
Country-specific portion of the annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world: South-east Asia.
Keywords: 1996; Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India; Asia; Bangladesh; Four Year Plan (1996-2000); India; Nepal; Ridván messages; South Asia; Sri Lanka

Ridván 1996 (Four Year Plan) - To the Followers of Bahá'u'lláh in Western and Central Asia: Bahá'í Era 153 - Universal House of Justice (1996)
Country-specific portion of the annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world: Asia.
Keywords: 1996; Asia; Central Asia; Four Year Plan (1996-2000); Ridván messages; West Asia

Ridván 1996 (Four Year Plan): Bahá'í Era 153 - Universal House of Justice (1996)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
See also the following companion documents: Ridván 1996 To Australia and the Pacific Ridván 1996 To Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam Ridván 1996 To North America Ridván 1996 To Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Sri Lanka Ridván 1996 To Western and Central Asia Ridván 1996 To Africa Ridván 1996 To Europe Ridván 1996 Message to the Counsellors Summary Outline of the Ridvan message
Keywords: 1996; Four Year Plan (1996-2000); Ridván messages

Ridván 1996 (Four Year Plan): Message to the Counsellors - Universal House of Justice (1995)
Letter to the Counsellors, preceding the annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1996; Counsellors; Four Year Plan (1996-2000); Ridván messages

Ridván 1996: Outline - Shodjai,Foad (1996)
Summary of this letter, in outline format.
Keywords: 1996; Four Year Plan (1996-2000); Outlines and summaries; Ridvan messages, Study guides and outlines

Ridván 1997: Bahá'í Era 154 - Universal House of Justice (1997)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1997; Ridván messages

Ridván 1998: Bahá'í Era 155 - Universal House of Justice (1998)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1998; Ridván messages

Ridván 1999: Bahá'í Era 156 - Universal House of Justice (1999)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 1999; Ridván messages

Ridván 2000: Bahá'í Era 157 - Universal House of Justice (2000)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
See also a study guide for this document, Outline of the Ridván 2000 message of the Universal House of Justice.
Keywords: 2000; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2000: Study Outline - Bolhuis,Arjen (2000)
Short summary and outline of the Ridván 2000 message of the Universal House of Justice.
Keywords: 2000; Outlines and summaries; Ridvan messages, Study guides and outlines

Ridvan 2001: Bahá'í Era 158 - Universal House of Justice (2001)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
See also Ridvan 2001: A Study Guide.
Keywords: 2001; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2001: Study Guide - Fernando,Lal; Fernando,Dheena (2001)
Summary and key points of this Message.
Keywords: 2001; Outlines and summaries; Ridvan messages, Study guides and outlines

Ridvan 2002: Bahá'í Era 159 - Universal House of Justice (2002)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2002; Ridván messages

Ridván 2003: Bahá'í Era 160 - Universal House of Justice (2003)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2003; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2004: Bahá'í Era 161 - Universal House of Justice (2004)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2004; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2005: Bahá'í Era 162 - Universal House of Justice (2007)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2005; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2006: Bahá'í Era 163 - Universal House of Justice (2006)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2006; Ridván messages

Ridván 2007: Bahá'í Era 164 - Universal House of Justice (2007)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2007; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2008: Bahá'í Era 165 - Universal House of Justice (2008)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2008; Ridván messages

Ridván 2009: Bahá'í Era 166 - Universal House of Justice (2009)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2009; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2010 comments - Lample,Paul (2010)
Reflections on the 2010 Ridvan letter and the teaching plans, delivered in Foundation Hall at the Bahá'í House of Worship in Wilmette.
First posted at bahaimp3.narod.ru by Anton Medvedev, 2011, and later at instructure.com.
Keywords: 2010; Paul Lample; Ridvan messages, Comments

Ridván 2010: Bahá'í Era 167 - Universal House of Justice (2010)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
This letter is also published in the book The Five Year Plan 2011-2016: Messages of the Universal House of Justice.
Keywords: 2010; Ridván messages

Ridván 2011: Bahá'í Era 168 - Universal House of Justice (2011)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
This letter is also published in the book The Five Year Plan 2011-2016: Messages of the Universal House of Justice.
Keywords: 2011; Ridván messages

Ridván 2012: Bahá'í Era 169 - Universal House of Justice (2012)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2012; Institute process; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2013: Bahá'í Era 170 - Universal House of Justice (2013)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
This document is also available as the original PDF.
Keywords: 2013; Institute process; Protagonists (individuals, communities and institutions); Ridván messages

Ridvan 2014: Bahá'í Era 171 - Universal House of Justice (2014)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
See also versions in French and Spanish, and a PDF version of English.
Keywords: 2014; Institute process; Protagonists (individuals, communities and institutions); Ridván messages

Ridvan 2015: Bahá'í Era 172 - Universal House of Justice (2015)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2015; Institute process; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2016: Bahá'í Era 173 - Universal House of Justice (2016)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2016; Institute process; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2017: Bahá'í Era 174 - Universal House of Justice (2017)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2017; Institute process; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2018: Bahá'í Era 175 - Universal House of Justice (2018)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2018; Institute process; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2019: Bahá'í Era 176 - Universal House of Justice (2019)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Keywords: 2019; Institute process; Ridván messages

Ridvan 2020: Bahá'í Era 177 - Universal House of Justice (2020)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Also online in other formats at bahai.org.
Keywords: 2020; Institute process; Ridván messages

Ridván 2021: Bahá'í Era 178 - Universal House of Justice (2021)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Also online in other formats at bahai.org.
Keywords: 2021; Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; Five Year Plan (2016-2021); Growth; Institute process; Maturity of humanity; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Public discourse (discourses of society); Ridván messages; Social action; Statistics; Twelve Month Plan (2021-2022); Youth

Ridván 2022: Bahá'í Era 179 - Universal House of Justice (2022)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Also online in other formats at bahai.org. Also available as a formatted Word document (prepared by M. Thomas, 2022).
Keywords: 2022; Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; Institute process; Integration and disintegration; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Nine Year Plan (2022-2031); Peace; Ridván messages; Statistics; War

Ridván 2023: Bahá'í Era 180 - Universal House of Justice (2023)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Also online in other formats at bahai.org.
Keywords: 2023; Canada; Institute process; Kanchanpur, Nepal; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Kanchanpur, Nepal; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Local; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Mwinilunga, Zambia; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, National; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Toronto; Mwinilunga, Zambia; Nepal; Nine Year Plan (2022-2031); Ridván messages; Toronto, ON; Zambia

Ridván 2024: Bahá'í Era 181 - Universal House of Justice (2024)
Annual message to the Bahá'ís of the world.
Also online in other formats at bahai.org. See also Microsoft Word version with references, prepared by Mike Thomas (2024), and an audio version at Bahaiblog.net. See also Ridván messages in other languages [bahaiprayers.net].
Keywords: 2024; Institute process; Integration and disintegration; Nine Year Plan (2022-2031); Ridván messages; Youth

Ridvan Message from the US National Spiritual Assembly - National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States (2007)
An annual report/summary of activities, with discussion of low enrollments.
This document is online at scribd.com and elsewhere.
Keywords: Ridván messages

Ridvan Message to the US National Spiritual Assembly - Universal House of Justice (2007)
Brief discussion of clusters and the low rate of enrollments in the United States.
This document is online at scribd.com and elsewhere.
Keywords: Clusters; Growth

Ridván, Festival of - Buck,Christopher (Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations, 2011)
See also the full collection of Buck's articles in this volume.
Keywords: Holy days; Ridván

Ridván, Festival of - Buck,Christopher (Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices, 2010)
Keywords: Holy days; Ridván

Right Relationship: Building a Whole Earth Economy - Brown,Peter (2009)
Presented at the 33rd Annual Conference "Environments," Washington, DC, August 13-16 2009. Mirrored with permission from www.bahai-studies.ca/proceedings. Author affiliation: professor in the School of Environment, McGill University
Keywords: Economics; Environment

Rights and Responsibilities in the Bahá'í Family System - Mahmoudi,Hoda; Dabell,Richard (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1992)
Duties ascribed in the Bahá’í teachings to the members of the family; complementary functions of women and men; the institution of marriage and family is fundamental in the development of a new society and global civilization based on equality and unity.
Mirrored with permission from the Journal of Bahá'í Studies past issues archive.
Keywords: Equality; Family; Gender; Rights and responsibilities; Women

Rights and Responsibilities in the Bahá'í World Order: From 'Me' to 'Us' — Confronting the Fear - Schweitz,Martha L. (Bahá'í-Inspired Perspectives on Human Rights, 2001)
In human rights thinking there is often a presumed conflict between the needs to fully protect human dignity and equality, and to foster the well being of society as a whole; this divide is false and in the Bahá’í teachings both goals can be achieved.
This book is also available for download as a single PDF [2MB]. Mirrored with permission from juxta.com. See publisher's Books for the World license.

Rights to Human and Social Development: A Survey of the Activities of the Bahá'í International Community - Hassall,Graham (Bahá'í-Inspired Perspectives on Human Rights, 2001)
BIC contributions to thinking about human rights and social development have centered on 6 themes: a global complex systems approach, oneness of humanity, role of religious belief, primacy of education, values-based approach, and effectiveness of the U.N.
This book is also available for download as a single PDF [2MB]. Mirrored with permission from juxta.com. See publisher's Books for the World license.
Keywords: Bahá'í International Community; Human rights; Prosperity of Humankind (statement); Social and economic development; United Nations

RIS Citation Export - Winters,Jonah (2025)
Citation export details for database interoperability; import instructions for reference managers like Endnote, Zotero, Mendeley.
Keywords: Bahá'í Library Online; Bibliography

Rise of the Terrorism and Secessionism in South Asia: A Baha'i Viewpoint - Merchant,Ali K. (Journal of Dharma, 2000)
A short article about causes of terrorism, its history in India, understanding the terrorist mindset, and some Bahá'í solutions.
Purchase online at dharmaramjournals.in.
Keywords: India; Secession; South Asia; Terrorism; United Nations; Violence; Weapons

Rising to the Challenge of Reconciliation - Danesh,Roshan; White III,Douglas (Baha'i World, 2023)
Analyzing the legacy of colonialism and racism in Canada and examining the profound, multifaceted process of social transformation that genuine reconciliation implies.
Mirrored from bahaiworld.bahai.org, where it is available in a nicer HTML format.
Keywords: Age of transition; Canada; Christianity; Colonialism and imperialism; Cultural diversity; Economics; Equality; Genocide; History (general); Human rights; Indigenous people; Injustice; Justice; Native Americans; Oppression; Peace; Peace treaties; Politics; Race; Racism; Reconciliation; Reform; Silos (segmentation); Social action; Social change; Transformation; Unity; Unity of humanity

Rituals in Babism and Baha'ism - MacEoin,Denis (British Academic Press, 1994)
On practices of prayer, invocations, talismans, jewelry, fasting, purity, birth, death, marriage, festivals, pilgrimage, and Feast. Includes 26 appendices with texts and translations.
See also another, not black-and-white, scan of chapter 2 only, maceoin_rituals_babism_bahaism_ch-2_larger.pdf [PDF, 13 MB]. Also available in formatted Microsoft Word format, prepared by Mike Thomas (2025). See also publisher's page for this book.
Keywords: 1844; Burial (funeral); Death; Dreams and visions; Dá’irih (circle); Fasting; Greatest Name; Haykal (temple); Holy days; Invocations; Laws; Marriage; Obligatory prayer; Pilgrimage; Prayer; Prayer texts; Protection; Purity; Reversal, Mystery of (Shaykhism, Kitáb-i-Aqdas, Lawh-i-Qina); Rings; Rituals; Talismans

Rituals in Babism and Bahá'ísm, by Denis MacEoin: Review - Buck,Christopher (International Journal of Middle East Studies, 1996)
A compact, well-documented academic study including a representative selection of texts; by focussing only on texts it omits actual Bahá'í practice and over-emphasizes the ritual elements found in the Bahá'í Faith.
This document is also available as PDF.
Keywords: Rituals

Rituals: An American Bahá'í dilemma - Walbridge,Linda (Baha'i Studies Review, 1995)
The nature of Bahá'í "Feasts" and related American observances and formalities.
Keywords: Feasts; Holy days; Nineteen Day Feast; Rituals

Rizal, Revelation and Revolution: Rizal's Letter to the Women of Malolos and Baha'u'llah's letter to Nabil Akbar Lawh-i-Hikmat (Tablet of Wisdom) - Ramo,Stephen (2011)
Comparison of letter by Philippine national hero José Rizal to the women of Malolos with Bahá'u'lláh's "Tablet of Wisdom" to Nabil.
Essay written in commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the birth of Rizal. Mirrored with permission of author (former member of the NSA of the Philippines) from bahai.ph. See more about Rizal at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/José_Rizal.
Keywords: Jose Rizal; Lawh-i-Hikmat (Tablet of Wisdom); Malolos, Philippines; Philippines; Philosophy; Revolution; Women

Robert Hayden - Buck,Christopher (Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature, 2004)
The first African American poet-laureate of the United States (as Library of Congress "Consultant in Poetry").
This article calls Hayden "America's Bicentennial Poet Laureate" for the first time in scholarship. A scan of the original article, complete with a photograph of Hayden, can be downloaded as a PDF document. See "Timeline of Poets Laureate: 1971-1980 Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry" at loc.gov/poetry/laureate-1971-1980.html: "He was the first African-American to be appointed Consultant in Poetry." See also Robert Hayden’s “American Journal”: A Multidimensional Analysis and Buck & Derik Smith's "Hayden, Robert."
Keywords: 1913; 1980; African Americans; Arts and crafts; Biography; Poetry; Robert Hayden; Senegal; United States (documents)

Robert Hayden and Being Politically Correct - Herrmann,Duane L. (1993)
Robert Hayden did not bow to or rebel against expectations of political correctness, and regarded his race as "human" rather than "black." He embraced his African-American identity, but did not want to be defined by it.
Paper originally presented at “Issues in Contemporary American Poetry Conference,” sponsored by East and West Literary Foundation, San Francisco (August 1993).
Keywords: 1913; 1980; Biography; Race; Robert Hayden; Unity

Robert Hayden's 'American Journal': A Multidimensional Analysis - Buck,Christopher (Online Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2008)
A study of an often neglected poem which combines an informal cultural analysis of the USA with a social commentary on the world. It treats the human race from a universal perspective, emphasizing the importance of human solidarity.
Mirrored with permission from oj.bahaistudies.net. Originally posted at ojbs.org, archived at archive.org.
Keywords: African Americans; Arts and crafts; Poetry; Robert Hayden; Senegal; United States (documents)

Robert Hayden's Epic of Community - Friedlander,Benjamin (Melus, 1998)
A study of Hayden's poetry in the context of the American experience.
Mirrored with permission from www.uga.edu/bahai/News/092298.html.
Keywords: 20th century; Arts and crafts; Biography; Poetry; Race; Robert Hayden; Unity

Rock-n-Roll God: Poems - Sunstrum,Jalal (2024)
Ten short poems, excerpted from a longer work (forthcoming).

Roger White: An Obituary: Writer and editor, "poet laureate" of the Bahá'í community (1929-1993) - Weinberg,Robert (Baha'i Studies Review, 1997)
Brief biography, written as an obituary, of a famous Bahá'í poet.
Keywords: 1929; 1993; Biography; Canada; Poetry; Roger White

Rogers, Otto Donald - Zepp,Norman (The 1998 Canadian Encyclopedia, 1997)
Originally posted at www.highbeam.com/library/doc3.asp?DOCID=1P1:28750873 (defunct).
Keywords: 1935; Arts and crafts; Biography; Canada; Otto Donald Rogers

Role and Function of Bahá'í Institutes in the Life of the Bahá'í Community - Hatcher,William S. (William S. Hatcher Library, 2008)
Bahá'í training institutes are a wonderful new opportunity for self-development and for sharing our talents with others; their forms and programmes can be diverse.
Mirrored with permission from william.hatcher.org.
Keywords: Institute process; Training Institutes

Role of Principles in the Bahá'í Faith: Principles and Fashion - Majd,Farjam (Lights of Irfan, 2013)
A hierarchical tree-like model of the world can aid in understanding the following questions: are values relative or absolute? Is it old-fashioned to live with a moral code? Should we be conservative or progressive? Should our beliefs change over time?
Presented at the Irfan Colloquia Session #109, Bosch Bahá'í School (May 2012). Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/109/majd_principles.
Keywords: Ethics; Morality; Principles; Relativism; Tree (metaphor)

Role of the Local Assembly in Cluster Growth - Universal House of Justice; International Teaching Centre; National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States (2009)
Practical guidelines for LSAs to organize and teach more effectively.
Mirrored from messagesbahaiworldcentre.blogspot.com.
Keywords: Clusters; Institute process; Local Spiritual Assemblies; Spiritual Assemblies

Role of the Scholar: Scholarship and the Covenant - Hatcher,John S.; Ghadirian,Abdu'l-Missagh (1996)
Essays "The New Role of the Scholar in Bahá'í Society" and "Scholarship and the Covenant."
Notes taken by Mark Towfiq at a session on March 8 1996 at Green Acre Bahá'í School, entitled "Scholarship and Authority."
Keywords: Covenant; John Hatcher; Scholarship

Role of the Universal House of Justice: Interpretation and Elucidation - Universal House of Justice (1998)
On the regarding the role of the Universal House of Justice and its "interpretative function."
Mirrored from bahai.org, where it is also available in HTML and Word formats.
Keywords: Interpretation; Laws; Universal House of Justice (UHJ general)

Roll of Honor Bahá'í World Crusade 1953-1963 - Author unknown, compiler (Baha'i World, 1998)
A scroll listing the names of the Knights of Bahá'u'lláh.
Included as a pull-out in the book. See also Index to Maps and charts in Bahá'í World volumes. The scan was high-res at the time, though small now. See also virgin_territories_knights_bahaullah and map_pioneers_crusade_1956.
Keywords: 1953; 1963; Knights of Bahá'u'lláh; Pioneering; Teaching; Ten Year Crusade (1953-1963)

Root, Martha - Francis,Richard (1993)
Bio of the "Herald of the Kingdom, Lioness at the Threshold."
Mirrored with permission from the Bahá'í Faith Website of Reno, Nevada; no longer online, but available at archive.org.
Keywords: 1872; 1939; Biography; Hands of the Cause; Martha Root

Root, Martha Louise - Bramson-Lerche,Loni (World Religions: Belief, Culture, and Controversy, 2011)
Keywords: 1872; 1939; Biography; Martha Root

Rowland Estall: In Memoriam - Various (1993)
Various materials assembled for a memorial service, from tributes written by Jameson Bond and Michael Rochester, with research from Will van den Hoonaard.
See also chronologycanada/1993-03-07. See also findagrave.com.
Keywords: 1906; 1993; Biography; Caribbean; Central America; Guadeloupe; Jameson Bond; Leeward Islands; Martinique; Michael Rochester; Montreal, QC; Rowland Estall; Summer schools; Will C. van den Hoonaard; Windward Islands

RSS Feeds
Really Simple Syndication page for new Bahá'í Library content.
Keywords: Bahá'í Library Online; Internet; Websites

Ruh al-Quddus - Momen,Moojan; Lawson,Todd (World Religions: Belief, Culture, and Controversy, 2011)
Keywords: 1849; Biography; Quddús

Ruhe, David S. (1914-2005) - National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States (2005)
A letter from the NSA, followed by a biography from Bahá'í World News Service.
Keywords: 1914; 2005; Biography; David Ruhe; United States (documents); Universal House of Justice, Members of

Ruhi Book 6: Notes - Bayat,Ehsan, editor (2024)
These notes for Ruhi Book 6 explore the spiritual principles and practical approaches to teaching the Bahá’í Faith, emphasizing personal and collective efforts, unity, consultation, systematic planning, capacity building, and fostering community growth.
See links to the books online at bahai-library.com/ruhi_books.
Keywords: Anna's Presentation; Covenant; Deepening; God, Word of; Institute process; Laws; Love; Memorization; Principles; Ruhi Institute; Study circles; Teaching; Teaching, Concepts versus information; Transformation; Virtues; `Abdu'l-Bahá, Exemplar

Ruhi book series - Ruhi Institute (Ruhi Foundation, 1987)
Published volumes of the Ruhi Institute books. (Links to documents, offsite.)
These books have appeared on a few websites and are now downloadable from an official one. To learn about the Ruhi Institute and how to use these materials, see the official website ruhi.org.
Keywords: Bahá'u'lláh; Basics; Báb, The; Childrens classes; Community (general); Covenant; Devotional gatherings; Ethics; Family; Funds; Home visits; Institute process; Prayer; Public discourse (discourses of society); Ruhi Institute; Service; Sharing quotations; Social action; Soul; Spirituality; Study circles; Teaching; Texts in multiple languages; Virtues; Youth empowerment program

Ruhi Institutes and the Five-Year Plan - Universal House of Justice (2011)
Letter to all National Spiritual Assemblies about the role of the Ruhi Institute, coordination of clusters, education of children, and training institutes in the 2011-2016 5-Year Plan.
Keywords: Childrens classes; Five Year Plan (2011-2016); Institute process; Plans; Ruhi Institute; Study circles; Training Institutes; Youth; Youth empowerment program

Rúhíyyih Khánum - Ahdieh,Hussein; Chapman,Hillary (2024)
Amatu'l-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum, autora, dramaturga, directora de cine, poeta, embajadora bahá'í y, sobre todo, esposa del Guardián de la Fe bahá'í, Shoghi Effendi Rabbani, a quien ‘Abdu’l-Bahá describió como la Señal de Dios sobre la tierra.
See website for this book at ruhiyyihkhanum.com/SPindex.php. Purchase English original from amazon.com. Also available in Microsoft Word format. See also cover pages.
Keywords: 20th century; Amatu’l-Bahá Rúḥíyyih Khánum; Biography; Photographs

Ruhiyyih Khanum - Bramson-Lerche,Loni (World Religions: Belief, Culture, and Controversy, 2011)
Keywords: 1910; 2000; Amatu’l-Bahá Rúḥíyyih Khánum; Biography; Hands of the Cause

Ruhiyyih Khanum's Tribute to Shoghi Effendi at the Kampala Conference (Uganda) 26 Jan 1958 - Khanum,Ruhiyyih (1958)
Notes of the moving tribute by Ruhiyyih Khanum to Shoghi Effendi immediately after his passing, given at the Kampala International Conference (Uganda), 26 January 1958
Notes found in Edinburgh Archives
Keywords: 1958; Amatu’l-Bahá Rúḥíyyih Khánum; Conferences, Intercontinental; Kampala, Uganda; Shoghi Effendi; Shoghi Effendi, Passing of

Rules of Parliamentary Discipline - Shoghi Effendi (The Students' Union Gazette, 1915)
Published under the name "Shawki Rabbani" for his school journal. Shoghi Effendi would have been around age 16 at the time.
Images (see below) have been cropped and sharpened. Click on any image to see the original image, as copied from http://ddc.aub.edu.lb/projects/jafet/gazette/1913.

Rumi: Quotations from the Mathnáví of Rúmí in the Bahá'í Writings - Bahá'u'lláh; Abdul-Bahá (2001)
Rúmí’s Mathnáví is quoted in many places in the Bahá'í Writings, as noted in the footnotes to the Writings.
The edition of Seven Valleys and Four Valleys I used is from the US Bahá'í Publishing Trust (Wilmette, 1991), in which there are more notes than some other editions. [-A.B.] Also available in Word format.
Keywords: Chahar Vadi (Four Valleys); Cross-reference; Fire and Light (compilation); Haft Vádí (Seven Valleys); Kitáb-i-Íqán (Book of Certitude); Mathnavi; Quotations from the Mathnavi (Rumi); Rumi (Mevlana); Secret of Divine Civilization (book); Sufism

Ruptured Spaces and Effective Histories: The Unveiling of the Babi Poetess Qurrat al-'Ayn-Tahirih in the Gardens of Badasht - Mottahedeh,Negar (Occasional Papers in Shaykhi, Babi and Baha'i Studies, 1998)
Implications of Tahirih's revolutionary act at Badasht in terms of a decisive break with Islamic history; also Shaykh Abu Turab's recollections of the event and his literary role in Nabil's Dawn-Breakers.
First published in UCLA Journal of History 17 (1997): 59-81, then in H-Bahai's Occasional Papers 2:2 (February, 1998) at h-net.org. The version below has been proofread and updated by Mike Thomas (2020), and more references added; see his improved Word doc. See also another version of this paper, Mutilated Body of the Modern Nation: Qurrat al-'Ayn's Unveiling and the Persian Massacre of the Bábís.
Keywords: Badasht, Iran; Bábí history; Conference of Badasht (1848); Dawn-Breakers (book); Equality; Iran (documents); Veils; Women; Ṭáhirih Qurratu'l-'Ayn

Russia - Momen,Moojan (1995)
Overview of the development of the Bahá'í community in Russia.
Written for possible inclusion in The Bahá'í Encyclopedia. Posted with permission of both the author and of the editor of the Encyclopedia project. Mirrored with permission from momen.org.
Keywords: 1840s; 1884; 20th century; Bahá'í history by country; Russia

Sabet, Habib - Momen,Moojan (Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2015)
Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
The following is an excerpt of the article at iranicaonline.org/articles/sabet-habib.
Keywords: 1903; 1990; Biography; Habib Sabet; Iran (documents)

Sabiduria de 'Abdu'l-Bahá, La - Abdul-Bahá (1996)
Spanish translation of Paris Talks.
Keywords: France; Paris Talks (book); Paris, France

Sacred Acts, Sacred Space, Sacred Time, by John Walbridge: Review - Armstrong-Ingram,R. Jackson (Baha'i Studies Review, 1996)

Sacred Acts, Sacred Space, Sacred Time, by John Walbridge: Review - McMullen,Michael (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1999)

Sacred Baha'i Architecture - Leiker,Benjamin (1999)
Symbolism and history of Bahá'í temples.
Author then a student at International Baccalaureate Program, Poudre High School, Fort Collins, Colorado
Keywords: Architecture; Arts and crafts; Cultural diversity; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship)

Sacred Books of the World - Bouquet,A. C. (Cassell & Company Ltd., 1962)
Two-page summary of Bahá'í history.
Keywords: Bahá'í history

Sacred Mythology and the Bahá'í Faith - Collins,William P. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1990)
The mythological universe created by Bahá’u’lláh employs three significant spiritual verities: the unknowable nature of the Ultimate Mystery, the relativity of religious/mythological truth, and the necessity of science and investigation of reality.
This article is posted online at the Journal of Bahá'í Studies past issues archive. Outline of section Poetic Imagery in the Bahá'í Writings from this article (off-site PDF);
Keywords: Bahá'í history; Bábí history; Dawn-Breakers (book); Epics; Heroism; Interfaith dialogue; Joseph Campbell; Metaphors and allegories; Mythology; Poetry

Sacred Pilgrimage: Visits with The Guardian - Washington,Bill (Herald of the South, 1957)
Letter to the Australian newsletter, summarizing of nine days in the Holy Land and talks with Shoghi Effendi.
Keywords: Pilgrims notes; Shoghi Effendi

Sacred Refrains: Arabic and Persian Dhikrs in the Bahá'í Community - Caton,Margaret (2024)
introduction to dhikr (remembrances) and the use of music in Bahá'í spiritual practices; 74 recordings from 58 sacred texts, including original Arabic and Persian languages with English translation, music transcription, and historical context.
Keywords: Alláh-u-Abhá; Arabic language; Congregational prayer; Dhikr (Remembrance); Exemption; Fasting prayers; God sufficeth all things (invocation); God, Names of; God, Nearness to; Greatest Name; Healing prayer, Long; Healing prayer, Short; Hu or Huwa (He is); Invocations; Iran (documents); Islam; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Meditation; Music; Mustaghath; Musíbat-i-Hurúf-i-‘Állín (Suffering of the Exalted Letters); Obligatory prayer; Persian language; Praise; Prayer; Protection; Remover of Difficulties (invocation); Repetition; Singing; Songs; Sufism; Tests and difficulties; Thankfulness and gratitude; Words and phrases; Yá 'Aliyyu'l-A'lá; Yá Bahá'u'l-Abhá

Sacred spaces and secular visions in the Bahá'í Holy Gardens - Kostina,Elizabeth (Boston University Libraries, 2024)
Exploring the interplay between religious practice and heritage tourism at the Bahá’í Holy Gardens in Haifa, revealing a trend towards shared 'spirituality' among pilgrims and tourists.
Undergraduate Honors Thesis for the Department of Sociology, Boston University. Mirrored from open.bu.edu/handle/2144/48736.
Keywords: Bahá'í World Centre; Bahá'í World Centre; Báb, Shrine of (Haifa); Haifa, Israel; Pilgrimage; Sociology; Tourism

Sacrifice - Báb, The; Bahá'u'lláh; Abdul-Bahá; Shoghi Effendi (2004)
Compilation on "The Field of Sacrifice."
Keywords: Sacrifice

Sacrifice - Ramirez,Zenaida (2006)
Mirrored with permission from bahaimp3.narod.ru. No information is given about the context of the lecture, might be part of the "Serving the Divine Plan" program; if you know, please contact us.

Sacrifice - Hatcher,William S. (2003)
Fireside talk in St. Petersburg.
Posted to Youtube by william.hatcher.org.
Keywords: Sacrifice

Sacrificing the Innocent: Suppression of Bahá'ís of Iran in 1955 - Choubine,Bahram (Baha'i Studies Review, 2008)
Activities of Reza Shah, Ayatollah Borujirdi, Muhammad-Taqi Falsafi, Shaykh Hossein-Ali Montazeri, and SAVAK in the mid-20th century.
This document is also available in PDF and as image scan. Mirrored with permission from iranian.com. A version was published in BSR 15:1 (2009). Another version of the article was published online by the author in 2010, and is available here.
Keywords: 1955; Iran (documents); Persecution; Persecution, Iran; Persecution, Other

Saddlebag, The: A Fable for Doubters and Seekers, by Bahiyyih Nakhjavani: Review - See,Carolyn (Washington Post, 2000)
Originally posted at www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A10539-2000Sep15.html.
Keywords: Arts and crafts; Bahiyyih Nakhjavani; Caravans; Dawn-Breakers (book); Deserts; Fiction; Historical fiction; Literature; Saddlebag (novel)

Saddlebag: A Fable for Doubters and Seekers, by Bahiyyih Nakhjavani: Review - Perrakis,Phyllis Sternberg (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2002)
Mirrored with permission from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/454. See also original scan.
Keywords: Arts and crafts; Bahiyyih Nakhjavani; Dawn-Breakers (book); Fiction; Historical fiction; Literature; Saddlebag (novel)

Sadratu'l-Muntahá - Báb, The; Bahá'u'lláh; Abdul-Bahá (2003)
Compilation on "The Tree beyond which there is no passing," including quotations from the Qur'án.
Keywords: Interfaith dialogue; Quran; Sadratu'l-Muntahá (Lote Tree)

Salaam Cinema: On Mohsen Makhmalbaf - Hoffman,Adina (The Nation, 2013)
An Iranian director's ongoing meditations on the nature of illusion and reality, truth and consequences. Includes a review of The Gardener, a documentary about the Bahá'í Faith.
This article was first posted at thenation.com and later excerpted at thegardenerfilm.com.
Keywords: Arts and crafts; Cinema; Documentaries; Film; Reality; Truth

Salmani's My Memories of Baha'u'llah, Publication of - Universal House of Justice (1982)
Two letters, to a Bahá'í publisher and an individual, regarding the 1982 publication of My Memories of Bahá'u'lláh, an autobiography of Bahá'u'lláh's barber, Ustad Salmani.
The Universal House of Justice wrote to both Kalimát Press and Dr. Juan Cole on the same day regarding this issue. Both letters are included here, and names left on, with the permission of the original recipients. The book My Memories of Bahá'u'lláh was published by Kalimát Press in 1982. Submitted by and posted with permission of recipient.
Keywords: Bahá'u'lláh; Kalimat Press; Publishing, Review; Ustad Muhammad-`Alí Salmáni

Salvation - McLean,Jack (1993)
Written for possible inclusion in The Bahá'í Encyclopedia. Mirrored with permission from jack-mclean.com.
Keywords: Buddhism; Christianity; Hinduism; Interfaith dialogue; Islam; Judaism; Salvation

Salvation by Deeds and Grace - Dainty,Don (White Mountain Publications, 1999)
Christian approaches to salvation; belief and faith; obedience; good works; acquisition of virtues.
Keywords: Deeds; God, Grace and bounty of; Salvation

Sapiential Theosis: A New Reading of Ephrem the Syrian's Hymns on Paradise - Buck,Christopher (Journal of the Assyrian Academic Society, 1995)
Prepublication chapter from Paradise and Paradigm: Key Symbols in Persian Christianity and the Baha'i Faith (Albany: SUNY Press, 1999). St. Eprem the Syrian is generally regarded as the greatest Christian poet of Late Antiquity.
SUNY Press flyer: click here. Paradise and Paradigm is the first formal (academic) comparative study of the Bahá'í Faith and Christianity (even though there is an abundance of popular, apologetic literature on the topic). The choice of "Persian Christianity" is important for historical and cultural reasons, as this is a comparison of two commensurables (two Persian religions) rather than "apples and oranges."
Keywords: Christianity; Cosmology; Ephrem; Interfaith dialogue; Iran (documents); Metaphors and allegories; Paradise; Symbolism; Syria

Sarah Farmer Monologue - Perry,Anne Gordon (2005)
Created for performance in the New Hampshire Chautauqua Series and at Green Acre, in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Portsmouth Peace Treaty.
See also audio presentations at 9starmedia.com/encounters-with-abdulbaha. The select boldface text in the PDF below was used by Perry to aid memorization and highlight the subjects.
Keywords: Arts and crafts; Drama; Green Acre Bahá’í School; Peace; Portsmouth Peace Treaty; Sarah Farmer; United States (documents)

Sarhangzadeh vs. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1996 - Wagner,Ralph D., compiler (1996)
A "Bahá'í" immigration case, in which an Iranian immigrant sought asylum by falsely claiming affiliation with the Bahá'í Faith.
See also mostafi_vs_ins_1996 and sobhani_vs_ins_1994. Text taken from "Westlaw," a commercial database published by the West Publishing Company. To comply with copyright law, any annotations have been deleted, leaving the original public-domain text. -R.D.W.
Keywords: 1996; Asylum (migration); Court cases; Refugees

Saving Private Ryan: Review - Voykovic,Milan; Razavi,Shamim (Baha'i Studies Review, 1998)
Review of film, with thoughts for Bahá'ís: Is there such a thing as a "just war"? What forms of "sacrifice" can be justified? When should collective ethics override individual conscience?
Keywords: Ethics; Justice; Military; War; World War II

Saying Nothing about No-Thing: Apophatic Theology in the Classical World - Winters,Jonah (1994)
The apophatic (negative) theology of the Neoplatonism of Plotinus and some pre-Pseudo-Dionysius eastern Christian thinkers.
Written when I was 23 for an undergrad course on religion in the ancient world. Contains no mention of the Bahá'í Faith. (It also is my oldest paper written on a computer that survived the floppy-disc era!) See a continuation of this study in the Eastern tradition in my Buddhism thesis.
Keywords: Christianity; God; Interfaith dialogue; Neoplatonism; Philosophy; Theology

Sayyid Kazim Rashti - Momen,Moojan (World Religions: Belief, Culture, and Controversy, 2011)
Keywords: 1843; Biography; Shaykhism; Siyyid Kazim-i-Rashti

Scholar Meets Prophet: Edward Granville Browne and Bahá'u'lláh (Acre, 1890) - Buck,Christopher; Ioannesyan,Youli A. (Baha'i Studies Review, 2018)
Details of E.G. Browne's handwritten notes about his meeting with Bahá'u'lláh, his stay in Akka in April 1890, and his correspondence with Russian academics.
Also available in Microsoft Word format, prepared by M. Thomas (2024).
Keywords: 1890; Akka, Israel; Bahji, Israel; Bahá'u'lláh; Bahá'u'lláh, Pen portraits of; Bahá'í studies; Baron Rosen; Cyprus; E. G. Browne; Mírzá Yaḥyá (Subh-i-Azal); Pen portraits; Portraits; Russia; Scholarship; Travelers Narrative (book)

Scholarly Activities, Development of - Universal House of Justice (Lights of Irfan, 2009)
Mirrored with permission from irfancolloquia.org/u/justice_scholarly.
Keywords: Bahá'í Studies, Associations for; Irfán Colloquia; Scholarship

Scholars and the Administrative Order - Universal House of Justice (1997)
Letter to the House requesting guidance concerning a possible "atmosphere of distrust" among some academics, followed by a response which sets the problem in the context of the current intellectual and spiritual crisis afflicting society at large.
See also Plausibility Alignment on a Bahá'í Email List. Submitted by and name retained with permission of recipient.
Keywords: Administrative Order; H-Bahá'í (email list); Scholarship; Talisman (email list)

Scholarship - Bahá'u'lláh; Abdul-Bahá; Shoghi Effendi; Universal House of Justice (Compilation of Compilations, 2000)
Also available as a nicely-formatted PDF, prepared by Romane Takkenberg. Add or read quotations or links pertaining to this work here.
Keywords: Bahá'í scholarship; Scholarship; Science

Scholarship and the Bahá'í Community - Momen,Moojan (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1988)
The place of scholarship in the Bahá’í community and the value of Bahá’í studies to that community; the problems that may arise for Bahá’í scholars in relation to their own spiritual life and also in relation to the Bahá’í community.
Mirrored with permission from the Journal of Bahá'í Studies past issues archive.
Keywords: Scholarship

Scholarship and the Bahá'í Institutions, Comments on - Stockman,Robert (Associate, 2001)
The terms "scholarship" vs "scholar"; relationship between scholarship and faith; relationship with the institutions; scholarship in North America.
Paper presented at the ABS-ESE conference 'Foundational Issues in Bahá’í Studies,' Oxford, April 2000. Mirrored with permission from bahai-faith.manvell.org.uk. See also the full PDF for issue 33-34.
Keywords: Institutions; Scholarship; Wilmette Institute

Scholarship and the Bahá'í Vision of Reality - Hatcher,John S. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2018)
"From the Editor's Desk": Understanding the various aspects of reality in contemporary fields of study can be enhanced when approached from a Bahá'í perspective.
Article mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/242. See also the complete issue [PDF].
Keywords: John Hatcher; Reality; Scholarship

Scholarship from an Aboriginal Perspective - Yoka,Diana Rose (Bahá'í Studies in Australasia vol. 3, 1996)
Scholarship can be demonstrated in our daily lives, through how we interact with each other and put Bahá'u'lláh's admonitions into action; it is not limited to the written word: to have meaning it needs to include experiential learning.
This document is no longer available at its original host; mirrored from archive.org.
Keywords: Aboriginal people; Australia; Indigenous people; Scholarship

Scholarship in the Bahá'í Community - Parris,John (Baha'i Studies Review, 1991)
intellectual development in the Bahá'í community; scholarship is an avenue open to all believers and not confined to an elitist few.

Scholarship, Bahá'í - Shoghi Effendi; Universal House of Justice (Baha'i Studies Review, 1993)
This compilation was first printed in Bahá'í Studies Bulletin 2.1, (1983). See two other items from this issue of Bahá'í Studies Review: bahai-library.com/compilation_scholarship_bsr bahai-library.com/compilation_bahai_scholarship_readings
Keywords: Criticism and apologetics; Deepening; Scholarship; Teaching

Scholarship, Bahá'í: Statements from the World Centre - Universal House of Justice (Baha'i Studies Review, 1993)
See two other items from this Journal issue: /compilation_bahai_scholarship_khan /compilation_bahai_scholarship_readings
Keywords: Bahá'í scholarship; Scholarship; Science

Scholarship: A Bahá'í Perspective - Hatcher,William S. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1988)
Bahá’í scholarship seeks to understand and/or apply truths contained in the writings of the Bahá’í Faith, but it may also involve historical/critical studies of the Bahá’í Faith as a social phenomenon. It is broad in scope.
Mirrored with permission from the Journal of Bahá'í Studies past issues archive.
Keywords: Scholarship

Schools owned by Bahá'ís and "Bahá'í schools" - Universal House of Justice (1994)
Are schools owned by or run by Bahá'ís always considered "Bahá'í" schools, and does the word "Bahá'í" always appear in their title?
Keywords: Bahá'í inspired schools; Bahá'í schools; Education

Schopflocher, Siegfried - Hoonaard, van den,Will C. (1993)
Short biography of a prominent Baha''i from a German-Jewish background who served as a Hand of the Cause of God.
Written for possible inclusion in The Bahá'í Encyclopedia. Posted with permission of both the author and of the editor of the Encyclopedia project.
Keywords: 1877; 1953; Biography; Canada; Germany; Hands of the Cause; Siegfried Schopflocher; United States (documents)

Schopflocher, Siegfried - Hoonaard, van den,Will C. (The Baha'i Encyclopedia, 2009)
On the Canadian Bahá’í of German-Jewish background named by Shoghi Effendi a Hand of the Cause of God in 1952.
Mirrored with permission from bahai-encyclopedia-project.org.
Keywords: 1877; 1953; Biography; Canada; Germany; Hands of the Cause; Siegfried Schopflocher

Science and Prophecy - Laszlo,Ervin (1989)
See also Science and Prophecy: Humankind's Path to Peace in Global Society. Audio posted online at http://bahaimp3.narod.ru/eng.htm.
Keywords: Prophecies; Science

Science and Prophecy: Humankind's Path to Peace in Global Society - Laszlo,Ervin (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1989)
The path to peace can be trod through science — rational, scientific understanding — as well as religion — insight and intuition. The the two paths lead to the same destination: to the next, global stage in humanity's complex evolution.
See also Science and Prophecy: audio talk, and see also journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/issue/archive.
Keywords: Peace; Prophecies; Science

Science and Religion - Furutan,Ali-Akbar (Bahá'í Publishing Trust, 1970)
On the causes underlying the notion of a conflict between science and religion. Prophets have always stressed the need for attaining more knowledge and wisdom, so a divinely-revealed Faith bereft of superstition cannot be opposed to knowledge and reason.
Keywords: Science; `Alí-Akbar Furútan

Science and Religion Are Complementary - Buck,Christopher (World Religions: Belief, Culture, and Controversy, 2013)
Keywords: Religion (general); Science

Science and Religion in Chinese Culture - Khursheed,Anjam (Singapore Baha'i Studies Review, 2000)
Religion lies at the root of philosophy and civilization during the Tang (618-907) and Sung (960-1279) dynasties. Cultural achievements during these periods were influenced by Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism, but modern sciences did not develop.
See the table of contents, editor's note, and biographical data in the complete issue, vol. 5.
Keywords: Buddhism; China; Christianity; Confucianism; God; Interfaith dialogue; Philosophy; Philosophy, Chinese; Science; Taoism

Science and Religion in Dynamic Interplay - Smith,Todd (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 2019)
An approach to conceptualizing and contributing to the harmony of science and religion; some legitimate concerns many thinkers have with religion; three ways in which science and religion can complement each other.
Article mirrored from journal.bahaistudies.ca/online/article/view/5.
Keywords: Criticism and apologetics; Michael Karlberg; Religion (general); Science

Science and Religion, Quotations on - Universal House of Justice (1997)
Regarding a compilation on science and religion; includes a short list of references to science and religion.
Submitted by and posted with permission of recipient.
Keywords: Research Department, Questions and answers; Science

Science and Religion: Towards the Restoration of an Ancient Harmony, by Anjam Khursheed: Review - Bartholomew,Gilbert (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1988)
Keywords: Science

Science and Religion: Warwick Leaflets - Warwick Bahá'í Bookshop (1995)
Keywords: Introductory; Science

Science and Sacred Scriptures - Universal House of Justice (2016)
On scientific findings vs. personal interpretation of the Sacred Writings, and a paragraph regarding evolution in the 2014 foreword of Some Answered Questions.
Mirrored from bahai.org, where it is also available in PDF and Word formats. See also "Religion and Evolution Reconciled: 'Abdu'l-Bahá's Comments on Evolution" and see the foreword to the 2014 edition of Some Answered Questions.
Keywords: Evolution; Interpretation; Moderation; Philosophy; Science; Some Answered Questions (book); Soul; Speculation; Struggle for existence

Science and Technology - Shoghi Effendi; Universal House of Justice (1998)
See also essay introducing this compilation, by Stephen Friberg. Essay and compilation published in Bahá'í Studies Review 8 (1998). Also available as a nicely-formatted PDF, prepared by Romane Takkenberg.
Keywords: Science; Technology

Science and Technology - Friberg,Stephen R. (Baha'i Studies Review, 1998)
Essay written as introduction to the Compilation on Science and Technology, both published in BSR 8.
Keywords: Science; Technology

Science and the Bahá'í Faith - Hatcher,William S. (Baha'i Studies, 1976)
Seeing religion and science as in opposition derives from a conception of science as being too restrictive to apply to religion, and of religion as too subjective to be scientific.
Mirrored with permission from bahai-studies.ca/monographs.
Keywords: Science

Science in the Hands of Women: Present Barriers, Future Promise - Harmsen,Rhea Howard (World Order, 1998)
What is the attitude of mind that will permit an actualization of women's potential as women, and allow women and men to work together to create peace and prosperity through science?
This article is based on a talk presented at the "Wings of the Eagle Conference on Gender Equality", Louisville, KY, 25 May 1996. The article was subsequently published in World Order magazine in the summer of 1998. Special thanks to Dr. Betty Fisher for her skillful editorial assistance, and to several friends and family for their valuable input. Also available in PDF [2MB].
Keywords: Peace; Science; Women

Science, Religion and Development: Some Initial Considerations - Institute for Studies in Global Prosperity (2008)
An initial set of concepts and principles guiding the exploration of the complementary and constructive contributions that both science and religion must make to processes of social and economic development. [Link to PDF, offsite.]
The document linked below is housed at globalprosperity.org/resources.
Keywords: Development; Institute for Studies in Global Prosperity (ISGP); Religion (general); Science

Science, Religion, and Development: Promoting a Discourse in India, Brazil, and Uganda - Institute for Studies in Global Prosperity (2010)
The experience and insights of academics, policy makers, and development practitioners who have contributed to the discourse on science, religion, and development on three continents. [Link to PDF, offsite.]
The document linked below is housed at globalprosperity.org/resources.
Keywords: Brazil; Development; India; Institute for Studies in Global Prosperity (ISGP); Religion (general); Science; Uganda

Scientific Approach to Moral Conduct - Cornell,John B. (World Order, 1946)
Comparison of Bahá'í teachings on sexual behavior with those presented by a then-current textbook, Personality and the Family (1935).
Note: Dr. Cornell was 24 at the time of writing this essay; see In Memoriam.

"Scientific Proof of the Existence of God," by William S. Hatcher: Commentaries and Responses - Abizadeh,Arash; Woodman,Ross; Hatcher,William S. (Journal of Baha'i Studies, 1997)
See also original article and commentaries/responses by Gordon Dicks, Philip Belove, and Hatcher.
Keywords: God; Philosophy; Proofs; Science